Using self-employed drivers is legal only when the reality matches the label. How employment status is judged, what HMRC and tribunals look for, and the risks of getting it wrong.
A skip on a public road needs a licence from the local council, plus lights, cones and markings. Who is responsible, what the rules are, and the £1,000 fine for getting them wrong.
Smart tachograph 2 is now mandatory for international work. The key dates for new vehicles, retrofits and replacements, and what to check in your fleet.
Smoking is banned in any work vehicle used by more than one person - including shared goods vehicles and vans. The fines for workers and businesses, and the sign rules.
Incorporating your haulage business means a new legal entity, and O-licences do not transfer between entities. How to sequence the change without stopping the trucks.
When a commercial vehicle comes off the road, a SORN stops the tax but starts a set of rules: where it can be kept, what continuous insurance enforcement still expects, and how to put it back.
Heavy goods vehicles must be fitted with speed limiters set so the vehicle cannot exceed 90 km/h - calibrated, sealed and checked at test. What the Construction and Use rules require of operators.
The minimum is £100 and 3 points; the maximum is a court fine of up to £2,500 and a ban. The current speeding penalty framework and why it hits vocational drivers harder.
The 45-minute break after 4.5 hours driving can be split, but only one way: at least 15 minutes, then at least 30. How the rule works and where drivers go wrong.
Highway Code rule 126 sets the gap rules: two seconds on fast roads, doubled in the wet, ten times on ice - and four seconds for large vehicles in tunnels.
Each legal entity that operates vehicles needs its own O-licence. How licences work across groups, when vehicles can move between group companies, and the traps in restructures.
A failed tachograph does not stop the truck, but it starts a clock. The repair deadlines, the manual record duties, and the certificate you must not lose.